Federal Reserve Bank (Inc.) A Murderous History?
Banksters, the Worlds Worst Gangsters

Meyer Amchel Rothschild said:
"Let me issue and control a nation's money, and I care not who writes its laws"
(1743-1812)

In 1773, Rothschild, formerly Bauer, pulled together 12 other investors to join in his plan to dominate the world.  On May 1, 1776 Adam Weishaupt retained by Rothschild's completed their world dominance plan.

After the battle of Waterloo, his son Nathan Mayer in England deceptively crashed the stock exchange and made a fortune.  He sponsored George Peabody who's business JP Morgan took over.

The Rothschild's funded Woodrow Wilson's Presidential campaign on condition Wilson pass the Federal Reserve Banking Act.  Today the Rothschild's are the primary owners of the Federal Reserve Bank.  They control most of the world and through the control of central banks have instigated more wars and horror than any other family throughout history.

Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson was adamantly opposed to the idea of a privately owned federal bank and said:  "I sincerely believe the banking institutions having the issuing power of money are more dangerous to liberty than standing armies" "the principle of spending money to be paid by prosperity under the name of funding is but swindling futurity on a large scale

"If the American people ever allow the banks to control the issuance of their currency.. the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all property, until their children wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.�

Thomas Jefferson believed the National Bank was unconstitutional because it was an unauthorized extension of federal power. Congress, Jefferson argued, possessed only delegated powers which were specifically enumerated in the constitution.

James Madison said the Bank was "condemned by the silence of the constitution". 

Alexander Hamilton however lobbied for the first privately owned Federal Bank.  Hamilton conceded that the constitution was silent on banking, however, he asserted, that Congress had the power to tax, to borrow money, and to regulate interstate and foreign commerce and suggested that Congress could charter a private corporation to assist in carrying out these powers.

In 1790 Hamilton persuaded Congress to pass the Assumption Act where the Federal Government assumed States debts. In 1791 Congress chartered the Bank of The United States.  Congress passes the Coinage Act in 1792 which establishes a U.S. mint.  Hamilton resigned as Secretary of the Treasury in 1793.   It is reported that Hamilton was paid by the Rothschild family for this service.

1812-1815 War breaks out with Britain.

1815 President James Madison proposed a second privately owned Bank of the United States which was chartered in 1816 and opened in 1817.

President Andrew Jackson said regarding bankers: "The bank, is trying to kill me, but I will kill it!" "You are a den of vipers and thieves.  I intend to rout you out, and by the eternal God I will rout you out."

�I sincerely believe the banking institutions having the issuing power of money, are more dangerous to liberty than standing armies.�
�Paper is poverty� it is only the ghost of money, and not money itself.�
In December of 1834, President Jackson declared that the national debt will be paid off.  The next month there was an assassination attempt on Jackson.

In 1836 overriding Congress, Jackson closed the Bank of the United States commenting: "The bold effort the present bank had made to control the government are but premonitions of the fate that await the American people should they be deluded into a perpetuation of this institution or the establishment of another like it." 

In 1836 The Bank of the United States charter expired.  Congressional Bills to establish a new national bank were twice vetoed by President Tyler in 1841. 

In 1846 The Independent Treasury Act is approved.

Following Lincoln's threat of invasion if States refused to pay the 52% Morrill tax, ten southern States lawfully secede from the Union between December 1860 and February 1861:
"The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the Government and to collect the duties and imposts; but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using of force against or among the people anywhere." - Abraham Lincoln in his Inaugural Address Monday, March 4, 1861

Against the advice of his generals and congress, Lincoln initiated the so-called "Civil War" in April of 1861, one month after Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated.  In his inaugural speech Lincoln promised to do nothing about slavery: "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so."  It was only when Lincoln was loosing the war that he issued the emancipation proclamation where he proclaimed that slaves in the Nations of the Confederate States were free.

To pay for the 'civil war, on the 5th of August 1861, Congress passes the first National income tax and by the 21st of that month the first paper currency was issued.

Lincoln said, "The money powers prey upon the nation in times of peace and conspire against it in times of adversity. The banking powers are more despotic than a monarchy, more insolent than autocracy, more selfish than bureaucracy. They denounce as public enemies all who question their methods or throw light upon their crimes. I have two great enemies, the Southern Army in front of me and the bankers in the rear. Of the two, the one at my rear is my greatest foe. Corporations have been enthroned, and an era of corruption in high places will follow. The money power of the country will endeavor to prolong its reign by working upon the prejudices of the people until the wealth is aggregated in the hands of a few, and the Republic is destroyed."

In February 1863, Congress established another National Banking system. The bankers were intending to charge between 24% and 36% interest rates for money to finance the war. To avoid the interest, Lincoln ordered the printing of $450 million in bank notes guaranteed by the U.S. government.  "The government should create, issue, and circulate all the currency. Creating and issuing money is the supreme prerogative of government and is its greatest creative opportunity.  Adopting these principles will save the taxpayers immense sums of interest and money will cease to be the master and become the servant of humanity."  The notes were called "Greenbacks" and effectively eliminated the interest the private banks charged on notes they issued. 

On April 9, 1865 following Lincoln's brutal, immoral and cruel scorched earth war policy, Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Johnston's army surrendered on April 26, 1865.

On Apr 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated and Congress revoked the Greenback Law and enacted, in its place, the National Banking Act supporting privately owned national banks.  The associates of the President Lincoln's assassin were according to many, on the payroll of the Rothschild's.  The Nation was thrown into a state of constant debt, paying interest to bankers who created cash.

More U.S. citizens died from Lincoln's war than all the wars combined up to, but not including the Bush's wars.

Lincoln was arguably one of the most dishonest and disastrous Presidents this Nation has seen, running tie perhaps with Franklin Delaware Roosevelt and George W. Bush.  The Federal government naturally gives Lincoln great importance because it was Lincoln who established large central federal government positions paid for by taxing the people.  State run schools go as far as to teach students that Abraham Lincoln was a honest hero.

Following Lincoln's assassination, Andrew Johnson, whom many have shown was involved in the assassination, became President. 

On December 18, 1865, a new Thirteenth Amendment was ratified ignoring the existing properly ratified 13th Amendment which eliminated citizenship of persons who swore allegiance to other Nations or secret societies.  (On July 27, 1866, the Second Atlantic cable was completed). 

On February 24, 1868 President Johnson was impeached by the House however his trial in the Senate failed.

On July 21, 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment was questionably adopted (In 1969 the  Pacific Railroad was completed)

Ulysses S. Grant, the barbarous Union general was elected President in 1869 he served till 1877 and was the subject of many government scandals.

The Black Friday financial crisis in 1869 was caused by Wall Street scam artists Jay Gould and James Fisk when they attempted to corner the gold market, Grant's government sat idly by.

On March 30, 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment was ratified.

In February of 1873 Congress demonetized silver (i.e. refused silver as payment) resulting in Financial panic.

Jay Cooke's bank who helped fund the Civil War went bankrupt on September 18, 1873.  The depression lasted till 1877.

January 1875, Congress passed the Specie Resumption Act which stipulated that beginning in January 1879 the federal government would redeem (legally exchange) greenbacks with gold.

President James A. Garfield was inaugurated in 1881, he said "Whoever controls the volume of money in any country is absolute master of all industry and commerce".  On July 2, 1881 Garfield was shot, he dies on September 19.

On September 6, 1901 President McKinley is shot by an assassin, he dies on September 14. Theodore Roosevelt becomes President.

In exchange for financial support for his presidential campaign, Woodrow Wilson's agreed that if elected, he would sign the Federal Reserve Act. In December 1913, while many members of Congress were home for Christmas, the Federal Reserve Act was rammed through Congress and signed by President Wilson. Regarding his actions Wilson later admitted. "I have unwittingly ruined my country".

The Fed became law the day before Christmas Eve, in the year 1913, and shortly afterwards, the German International bankers, Kuhn, Loeb and Co. sent one of their partners here to run it.

PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON: "A great industrial Nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is privately concentrated. The growth of the Nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men... who necessarily, by very reasons of their own limitations, chill and check and destroy genuine economic freedom."  "We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated Governments in the world - no longer a Government by free opinion, no longer a Government by conviction and vote of the majority, but a Government by the opinion and duress of small groups of dominant men". (Just before he died, Wilson is reported to have stated to friends that he had been "deceived" and that "I have betrayed my Country". He referred to the Federal Reserve Act passed during his Presidency.)

The un-ratified 16th Amendment
The Constitution only allowed direct apportioned taxation amongst the States, so indirect Income Tax was initiated through the 16th Amendment so as to allow Congress to pay the bankers interest on our money and for any other whim.  The 16th Amendment was pushed through without proper ratification in February of 1913.

According to the two volume work by Bill Benson and Red Beckman , "The Law That Never Was" the 16th amendment, which created the IRS, was never properly ratified, not even by one state! These gentlemen traveled the then 48 states to verify that fact. So in a very real sense the income tax isn't legal, as many have proclaimed, but try not paying it and see how far you get before the Feds come after you and confiscate everything you own.

World War I Started on June 28, 1914 as a direct consequence of the Formation of the Federal Reserve Bank.  It would not have been possible to start World War I without the formation of the Federal Reserve Bank.  The primary beneficiaries of WWI were the owners of the Federal Reserve Bank.

After World War I had turned the United States from a debtor nation into a creditor nation. In the aftermath of the war, both the victorious Allies and the defeated Central Powers owed the United States more money than it owed to foreign nations.  The Republican administrations of the 1920s insisted on payments in gold bullion, but the world's gold supply was limited and by the end of the 1920s, the United States, itself, controlled much of the world's gold supply. Besides gold, which was increasingly in short supply, countries could pay their debts in goods and services. However, protectionism and high tariffs kept foreign goods out of the United States. The Hawley-Smoot Act (1930) set the highest schedule of tariffs to date.

In the January 13, 1918 issue of New York World William Boyce Thompson, Federal Reserve Bank director and founding member of the Council on Foreign Relations applauded Russia for their "sweeping world changes.".  The primary shareholders of the Federal Reserve Bank, the Rothschild's, funded the Bolshevik revolution.  They literally sent a train with 50 million dollars worth of gold and fifty or so trained Jewish insurgents to instigate the communist revolution.

The Great Federal Depression.  Within 15 years of the creation of the Federal Reserve Bank the U.S. experienced it's worst depression. The depression was initiated when the Federal Reserve Bank changed the valuation of the dollar then refused to provide banks with dollar bills causing a panic and a run on the banks.  The primary beneficiaries of the depression were the owners of the bank and their colleagues.  In the ensuing panic, the bankers brought one of their own out of retirement from the Morgan/Rothschild banking cartel and made him president.  FDR has arguably, along with GWB and Lincoln have been the nations worst presidents.

April 5th 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a treasonous Executive Order ordering citizens to hand their gold and gold certificates to the private Federal Reserve Bank: Executive Order 6102:  "Section 2. All persons are hereby required to deliver on or before May 1, 1933, to a Federal Reserve Bank or a branch or agency thereof or to any member bank of the Federal Reserve System all gold coin, gold bullion and gold certificates now owned by them or coming into their ownership on or before April 28, 1933"
"Section 9. Whoever willfully violates any provision of this Executive Order or of these regulations or of any rule, regulation or license issued thereunder may be fined not more than $10,000, or, if a natural person, may be imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both"

FDR proceeded to implement the "New Deal" which converted the United States of America to the United Socialist States of America.  Instituting pure socialism in Social Security, the FCC to control the airwaves, the SEC to control banking and eliminate any potential competitors to the private Federal Reserve Bank.

We are still suffering the consequences of FDR's criminal "New Deal", a central government based on Fascist Socialism.  Does F.D. Roosevelt earn the title of the worst president ever?  Read the revealing article exposing the real deal by Robert Higgs

World War II

The war-driven economic expansion increased demand for credit: earnings from rediscounts in the Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank alone rose from $141,774 in 1916 to $1,758,000 in 1918, for example.

The Atlanta Fed saw its government securities portfolio burgeon from nothing in 1915 to $19.5 million by 1918. Earnings, fed by the securities, were strong enough in 1917 for the Bank to pay all dividends due and still have $80,000 left, of which $40,000 was used to start a surplus account and $40,000 paid to the Treasury as a "franchise tax", the Bank�s first transfer of earnings to the federal Treasury. From 1919 earnings the Bank was able to put $3 million in its surplus.

By instigating WWII, the Banksters were able to destroy eight monarchies throughout Europe while at the same time making extraordinary profits from their armaments companies.  U.S. bombing runs on Germany were often specifically targeted at factories of competitors to the Banksters while carefully not bombing factories owned by the Banksters.

On June 4, 1963, President Kennedy signed a Presidential decree, Executive Order 11110.  This order virtually stripped the Federal Reserve Bank of its power to loan money to the United States Government at interest.  President Kennedy declared the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank would soon be out of business.  This order gave the Treasury Department the authority to issue silver certificates against any silver in the treasury.  This executive order still stands today. In less than five months after signing that executive order President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963.  

The United States Notes (silver certificates) he had issued were taken out of circulation immediately. Federal Reserve Notes continued to serve as the legal currency of this nation. It is estimated that 99% of all U.S. paper currency circulating in 1999 are Federal Reserve Notes.

Nine American Presidents have been the targets of assassination:- Andrew Jackson in 1835 (opposed a private national bank), Abraham Lincoln in 1865 (opposed a private national bank), James Garfield in 1881  (opposed a private national bank), William McKinley in 1901, Harry S. Truman in 1950, John F. Kennedy in 1963 (opposed a private national bank), Richard Nixon in 1974, Gerald Ford twice in 1975, and Ronald Reagan in 1981 (opposed a private national bank):

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http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/assassinations.cfm